They also interfere with longshore drift to such an extent that beaches further down the coast are starved of the sediment they need, leading to increased erosion. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Protection of cold environments as wilderness areas. They are vertical stone or timber fencing, which is built at 90 degrees to the coast. International scholarship collaborations. Postgraduate taught. The advantages are that it works with the natural processes. of the users don't pass the Coastal Management quiz! Sustainable approaches to coastal flood risk and coastal erosion management 3.1.3.6 Case studies Local coastal environment Case study Case study of a contrasting coastal landscape beyond the UK - Sunderbands . Local, regional, and national levels of authority must work and manage coasts together. Key Demand of the question: To write about India's priority with respect to Africa in its foreign policy and the major areas of cooperation. What are the differences in global calorie intake and food supply? The table below shows the common types of hard engineering. -Lack of fresh water for drinking and irrigation, as fresh water is diverted from the rivers for irrigation use further upstream. LEDC coastal flooding 2. 2.1 IMAGE SOURCES: Coastal land lies between the sea and the mainland. Definition. As a result, it is less expensive to implement and maintain and creates more long-term and sustainable solutions than hard engineering projects. How has rainforest vegetation adapted to the climate? It is a dynamic strategy where decisions are re-evaluated if the environment or demands on the area change. The characteristic style of rural houses is an important manifestation of the historical and cultural values of rural areas and is the key focus of the implementation of the strategy for the construction of beautiful China and the revitalization of rural areas. Coasts are an important environment, and the underlying physical processes and management of the coast form a key part of the A-Level Geography specification. Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project A project launched by the Government of Bangladesh as part of the Strategic Program for Climate Resilience and funded in part by the Asian Development Bank which aims to improve rural connectivity, market services, water supply and sanitation, enhancing people's safety during The coast is a dynamic environment that is vulnerable to a range of physical processes and each case needs to be considered individually with a view to changing policies over time. In conclusion, it has been shown by this essay that managing the coast is a complicated process that needs to be flexible enough to take into account a variety of interests and conflicts. Of all the hard engineering approaches, groynes are the most problematic as sediment builds up behind them on the uplift side, extending the beach seaward. An ICZM manages the Mediterranean. Slanted structures made from concrete, wood or rocks along a cliff. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. They can survive in brackish water as they filter salt. Protect the coastal zone in a relatively natural state whilst allowing people to use it and develop it in different ways. (6 marks) Camber Sands teaching resource. It can be seen that the coastal defence plan for Southampton Water needs to be able to take into account a variety of conflicting interests. Coastal barrage partly submerging dam-like structures that control the tidal flow. How can the impacts of climate change be managed? How many sediment cells and SMP's are there in the UK? Everything you need for your studies in one place. Dune regeneration creating new sand dunes or restoring existing ones. Have all your study materials in one place. What challenges are associated with the growth of Rio? There are four types of erosion (exactly the same as in our rivers topic!) -0.66 marks will be deducted as negative marks for each wrong answer. Human and physical factors causing river flooding. Contribution in this reseach that spatial multi-hazard consideration should be undertaken as a consideration of development policies in order to reduce . Trees need to be sourced and require maintenance. The site is self-funded and your support is really appreciated. Identify your study strength and weaknesses. Low-lying coastal areas are high-risk areas regarding sea-level rise (SLR) due to the combination of low elevation, subsidence and currently low sediment supply, on the one hand, and their high natural and socio-economic values, on the other. Coasts not only provide attractive environments for tourism but access to the sea for transport, trade and fishing. They can have a step or bullnose profile. That coastal management must be sustainable, whereby economic development is essential but is not prioritised over the protection of the coastal environment. Investigate processes, landforms and management strategies for coasts using the links below. The areas that this essay will use as case studies are; the Great Barrier Reef in Eastern Australia, Happisburgh in Norfolk and Southampton Water in Hampshire. This allows sand to settle, and increases dune size. What is the site and situation of a settlement? Scarborough is the largest holiday resort on the Yorkshire coast. The Barrier Reef became a marine park in 1975 and was designated a World Heritage site in 1981 (Dove et al, 2009). Also, covering the face of dunes with bundles of straw, branches and even waste Christmas trees in some areas increases sand accretion and protects dune vegetation. The department of geography and environmental studies of the University of South Africa recently played a pivotal role in implementing an inter- and multidisciplinary undergraduate programme in environmental management. mangroves and sea grass have been destroyed by pollution . Use the images below to find out more about each case study. Lecture notes - A-level geography notes: coral reefs 5. Having understood the spatial reality of coastal conflicts in Chilo, various proposals for the delimitation of coastal zones in different parts of the world were reviewed, especially from Ibero-American states (e.g., [56], [57], [41], [9], [47]).The fourth step consisted in selecting the delimitation criteria and grouping them into fisve categories: arbitrary, ecological and physical . Hold the Line - retain existing coastline - maintain current deference's, upgrade or install new ones. About this case study Coastal environments provide many opportunities for human activities and the potential for economic development. Structure of ecosystems, energy flows, trophic levels, food chains and food webs, Characteristics of the Tropical Equatorial Rainforest, Nutrient Cycle in the Equatorial Rainforest, Ecological responses to the climate and soil moisture budget adaptations by vegetation and animals, River Processes: erosion, transportation and deposition & Hjulstrm Curve. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Therefore a decision to protect one coastal community may not outweigh the disadvantages of exposing another community to increased erosion. There are 11 sediment cells in England and Wales. It can have a stepped or bullnose profile. 026 'Sustainable approaches to coastal management will become more important than traditional approaches in dealing with the impacts of climate change.' 20 marks Explain the formation of a saltmarsh environment. SMP3 Flamborough Head to Gibraltar Point. Sign up to highlight and take notes. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. What are the effects of deforestation in the Amazon? What was the relevance of the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992? There is an increased frequency of storms and the possibility of increased erosion and flooding. What are shanty town improvement schemes? http://www.wwf.org.au/ourwork/oceans/gbr/ {date accessed 16/06/10}, http://www.barrierreef.org/WhyResearch/TheReefandclimatechange.aspx#question_2 {date accessed 19/06/10}, http://www.jcu.edu.au/research/excellence/JCUPRD_036944.html {date accessed 19/06/10}, http://www.wwf.org.au/news/n244/ {date accessed 19/06/10}, http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/research/planning/104939.aspx {dare accessed 20/06/10}, http://www.marinet.org.uk/coastaldefences/smp.html {date accessed 20/06/10}, http://www.northsolentsmp.co.uk/media/adobe/5/4/North_Solent_SMP_Information_Pamphlet.pdf {date accessed 20/06/10}, Dove, J et al, OCR Geography A2, (2009), Heinmann, Harlow. 1. In other words, the strategies should not cause too much damage to the environment, peoples homes and livelihood and shouldnt cost too much. Tunisia Case Study. The Coastal System Sediment Cells Waves - destructive and constructive Sub-aerial processes - weathering Marine processes - erosion, transportation and deposition Coastal sediment budget Longshore drift Landforms of coastal erosion How important are water and carbon to life on Earth? How did the temperate deciduous woodland get like this? Anak Krakatau & Sunda Strait Tsunami Indonesia Case Study 2018. What is chemical and mechanical weathering? -The Sundarbans in the SW Bangladesh and E India, on the delta of the Ganges, Brahruptura and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengali. Which landforms result from moving or melting ice? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. This was effective at maintaining the beach here, but made beaches further south, including the beach at Sea Palling, become starved of sediment meaning that waves were able to undermine the sea wall causing further erosion. It recognises that sediment eroded in one location may form a protective beach elsewhere. The channels flow N-S due to strong tidal currents, and the smaller channels drains the land with each ebb tide. Before any management strategy is adopted, a Cost-Benefit analysis is done. What is the location and importance of London? Winners people who have gained from the decision which have been made either economically (property saved) or environmentally (habitats conserved), or socially (communities). What were the reasons for coastal management at Mappleton? Low cost. 1 / 10. Protects cliffs from upland erosion and is a barrier to flooding. LEDC coastal management Water levels projected to rise between 7.6 and 10.2 cm each decade. How is a cold environment interdependent? Not Subscribed Subscribe to A Level Geography to access 600+ resources, plus 18 new Factsheets each year. Fig. 8 - Beach grass to stabilise dunes at beaches. This essay will look at three areas in the world where the management of the coastline is paramount to prevent further erosion and destruction of valuable ecological regions. Will you pass the quiz? Sea walls are a physical barrier against erosion. Management of the coastline is necessary to protect them from coastal erosion. With a theoretical platform it addresses topics such as sustainability, tourism impacts, governance trade and innovation. HSK Level 4: B2, Upper-Intermediate [1.200 Characters]. What is the role of transnational companies in Nigeria? By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Local villages use ad hoc methods to try and stop the power of the waves, and hoteliers have resorted to sandbagging their resort area.